Yesterday was a productive day.
I put in three hours wrapping trunks of young fruit trees with news paper (Epoch Times) to protect them against rabbits.
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| Picture showing roots of MM106 whip that is going into the new stool-bed. Click on the image to embiggen it. |
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| Stool-bed after the transplants were heavily watered to settle the dirt. The whips are supported with bamboo stakes. A branch from a Golden Russet is photo-bombing from the row on the right. |
I transplanted seven of the MM106 rootstock to create a stool bed to produce rootstock in the future. If the academic literature can be trusted, one, rooted "whip" for every 50mm or 2" of stool-bed row is a good working number for MM106. The fifty or sixty whips I might get from ten feet of row (per year) should be enough to scratch my itch to propagate trees. It may take a few years to get to that level of production, but I can wait.
I am happiest when I can get my hands dirty.
Chrony results
The first shot over the screens produced an error.
I finessed the alignment of the setup. The next three shots read 2621fps, 2591fps and 2616fps.
Accuracy is relative. Accuracy that is not good enough to hit prairie-dogs in the head at 400 yards can be adequate for larger targets that are closer. The numbers posted in the earlier paragraph are plenty-good-enough (at first blush) for ranges of less than 200 yards against animals with heart-lung areas that are larger than a paper plate.
Perhaps shots over 200 yards are common "out west", but here in the crowded eastern states, parcels are small and longish shots run the risk of having the animal run off the property and potentially across land you don't have permission to cross. It is very rare for me to consider attempting a shot longer than 120 yards.
How much ammo?
James Wesley Rawles suggests that 600 rounds per centerfire rifle and six magazines is a good starting point. It should be disclosed that JWR is a hard-core prepper and coined the phrase "Golden Horde" to describe the wave of angry, hungry, violent people that might sweep across rural areas if/when the SHTF. Likely, his recommendations are among the higher ones.
Of course, there are those who claim you only need a can of pepper-spray to deter a home-invasion so you don't need any ammo. Others will state that unless you are on-fire or swimming, it is impossible to have too much ammo.
One consideration that should be talked about is that significant amounts of ammo must be consumed to make your firearm a seamless extension of your will. How many repetitions does a fisherman make casting with his lure? How many times does a batter have to swing at a curve-ball? You want to be able to handle your weapon with as little conscious thought (regarding the mechanics) as you use to scratch your nose. You want to reserve all of your brain-power for THREAT/NOTHREAT, downrange damages, where-are-all-the-kids questions.
The manual-of-arms matters. I cut my teeth on a single-shot shotgun. The hammer was the safety. To shoot, I raised the shotgun to my shoulder while pulling the hammer back. When I had the "picture" I desired, I pulled the trigger.
The next step up for me was a Mossberg 500 shotgun. The safety is in exactly the same place as the hammer (on the tang) and it is released to make the weapon fireable by pushing the safety FORWARD. I report with absolutely no embarrassment that it took me a long time to stop instinctively putting that Mossy pump gun on "safe" as I raised it to my shoulder by pulling it back just like I pulled back the hammer.
There are several lessons here. If you are fortunate enough to have several weapons, it is desirable that they share a common manual-of-arms. Then practice from "pull it out of the scabbard/holster" to "reload" often enough so you can do it while half-asleep. If you live in a place that tolerates it, hunting chipmunks is a good way to get the repetitions. You will get lots of high-quality repetitions and you can use a .22 which is inexpensive ammo.
Another consideration that is particularly relevant to semi-automatic handguns is that you need to run enough rounds of your defensive ammo through it to ensure that it feeds and ejects flawlessly. Some writers recommend 200 rounds without a bobble.
Why are handguns more sensitive to ammo than long-guns? Because the geometry in handguns is more compressed. The angles are more oblique. The rounds they fire are smaller and consequently the amount of energy/momentum is less and needs to be budgeted. The platform is gripped by hands rather than backstopped by the shoulder. They get carried more and pick up more grit and dust. The reasons are many. Semi-auto handguns are inherently fussier about ammo than virtually any other platform.
So there you have it, you probably don't need 600 rounds of centerfire ammo per weapon and can get by with much less.
Videos that I am watching
Wartime Kitchen and Garden videos.
Today's docket
I will have lunch with an old friend whose wife has dementia.
I have been avoiding social engagements due to my dental issue but I will make an exception for him.
He is an Extrovert (with a capital "E") and is energized by contact with people.
Caring for an ailing spouse makes contacting people much, much more difficult. Furthermore, the person you are closest to, your spouse, is not able to interact with you in the same kinds of ways.
The diagnosis and progression of his wife's disease has been very, very hard on him. It is emotionally devastating and he is wilting because contact with people is his oxygen and he isn't getting enough.


I like Mr. Rawles, but 600 rounds is at the very bottom end; it's significant that most popular calibers are sold in 1,000 round cases ...and that "practicing" - preferably with a plan, and drills to measure performance gain - consumes well more than 600 rounds. The "standard loadout" for field troops is 210 rounds (6 magazines on the body, one in the rifle). Less than three loadouts is cutting it rather tight. Shooting skills, like all others, atrophies with lack of reinforcement. Just sayin'...
ReplyDeleteYou specify "200 yards," may I suggest a "200 meter zero." 200M = 219 yards, and for your ammunition example should produce a Point Blank Range of about 295 yards ("Point Blank Range" has been so thoroughly corrupted by Hollywood as to be totally misunderstood; it is not "right in front of the gun," it is "the maximum distance at which a bullet strike on a target of specified size can be achieved with a center sighting hold on that target from the muzzle to that maximum distance with a particular rifle using particular ammunition." There is a plethora of ballistic calculators on the internet that, with the proper bullet ballistic coefficient, weight, and muzzle velocity can allow determination of that Point Blank Range; as with all mathematical determinations, it is highly advisable to confirm those determinations out in The Real World with actual performance).
I use standard 8.5" X 11.0" copy paper in portrait alignment as targets when training shooters "to hit reliably from 20 feet to all the way out to point blank range." Hold the top edge at your suprasternal notch and you'll see why. (Pro Tip: While working "at distance" with a rifle can be interesting, do not neglect actual confirmation of Sight Offset distances from 10 to 75 feet in 5 foot increments; knowing that data can sometimes be extremely important).
You have clearly given this a lot of thought.
DeleteAs the owner of this blog, which is hosted on a non-permissive hosting platform, I have to be dainty in how I phrase things. I believe that the comments section is more permissive than the body of the posts.
Worldwide, current military doctrine centers on "area denial" tactics. I don't see how that would be sustainable during times when domestic logistics are strangled. Any person or group who relied on area denial battlefield strategies will run out of ammo regardless of how many thousands of rounds they squirreled away.
I would love to hear your thoughts on how the transition from AD to marksmanship-based tactics might play-out.
IT matters very little what measurement you use: Yards or meters...the geometry is the same, Mostly, a 50 yard zero is good to 200 yards, and if you bother to learn,, then the holdover is pretty easy out to 400 yards.
DeleteHowever: VERY few shots will be taken past 300 yards....in fact, you generally can't see a standing human male at 350 yards if you are prone, so beyond that it matters much less how accurate or how much energy is retained beyond that distance. Few people can hit much beyond 400 yards, it seems to be a barrier that is hard to overcome without lots of practice and lots of recurrent training.
JWR was a prolific writer, but his estimates are just personal opinions that have little logical basis in real applications. Having said that, lots of people slavishly follow his recommendations and believe that his numbers are correct for everyone....I believe otherwise.
I don't know why I bother to share this. The TL:DR version is it is a long winded means of expressing that distance is relative and agreeing that practice is king.
DeleteI remember when I first started training my kids on shooting I had to help them hold up the rifles. These were .22 pumps and auto loaders. They were shooting at a distance of about twenty feet and that was a long ways away according to them. They also learned what it meant to kill something at that time and that shooting something meant it was dead and didn't come back to life like they saw on the occasional cartoon or tv show. This was reinforced the first time they walked upon a dead squirrel they had shot in real life.
Fast forward a few years and they had moved up to the ubiquitous .243 and a hundred yards seemed like a long ways away. They were ecstatic when they achieved sub MOA at 100. This was replicated with the .06 rifles.
I sometimes get a chuckle when I read some guy complaining about the recoil of an .06. My youngest daughter was shooting an .06 by the time she was ten. Her personal favorite right now is a Kimber Hunter in .06. It is the most accurate out of the box rifle I've ever personally seen. We just randomly knocked together, with no load development, a load using Sierra 165 gr gamekings and N160 for a sub MOA load. It is boringly consistent out to 600 yds for her.
Once they became consistent at 100, I gradually kept moving the goalposts out further and further for them at the start of each session. They are now young adults and our sessions with the bolt guns start at 400 yards. So far the furthest any of them have reached is ringing a twenty inch steel gong at 1 mile. I should add that while we will run the .06 out to 1K for fun, serious long range work is done with 300 PRC.
With MSR's, both .556 and .308 we shoot between 25 and 400 yds occasionally reaching out to 600. With these rifles they out shoot me. At 68 I just can''t move as fast or shoot as accurately offhand as they can anymore. This is also more tactical practice than square range stuff.
Enough bragging on my kids, in my opinion there are three main factors in long range shooting. One is having a weapon and load with an extremely small ES. Another is learning to read the wind. One of the first times my oldest son took it out to 1K he found out he needed to hold 7 to 12 MOA off target to hit steel. For those that don't do MOA that was 78 to 120 inches. The third is the shooter and as has been mentioned - practice.
We expend a substantial amount in components including up to re-barreling firearms in pursuit of our hobby. I was once asked how I can justify spending as much as I do on shooting. It was simple. I don't drink, smoke, do drugs or party. I don't drink coffee so I never spend an ungodly amount in a coffee shop. I live a fairly simple and boring life. I have three broad interests, gardening, flyfishing and the shooting sports. This last one includes hunting. It all just depends on where a person decides to spend their disposable income.
I need to stop, if you read this thanks. Hopefully it means something to someone.
wes
wtdb
Thanks for writing that. It was not too long. You gave me much to think about.
DeleteWhen I was younger and working in MT I got into Iron Ram shooting. So, I can appreciate Wes's posting.
DeleteHowever, terrain and what you have available reigns in my opinion.
Here in NH, I'd have to be in an elevated deer stand shooting down RECENTLY cleared powerline right of ways to get a clear shot at a deer beyond 200 yards.
The target I fear the most is the hostage shoot. That's where Anon above speaking of sight offset is a real issue.
I've found training some of my neighbors in a Cowboy Shooter "town" works well. Plenty of shoot, NO Shoot scenarios (plugging the Grannie that steps out the door is a No-go) and allows a "fun" way to introduce Hostage Shoots as you have at least one bad guy behind the lady popup.
We've set up Air gun versions with clay pigeons that shatter when struck as a successful "kill", 22 Cal versions and full power so real-life recoil and rapid second shot gets involved.
I've more than one older neighbor that can put 3 22 LR in a hostage situation popup in the eyes-nose triangle.
As far as ammo, I think of training AND Legacy. I've shot ammo gifted to me from WW2 and think the next generation will be needing some set aside for them.
You're a good friend, Joe. We need more people like you in this world.
ReplyDeleteERJ - Thanks for being a decent human being.
ReplyDeleteMy mother's Alzheimer's was very difficult on TB The Elder, her primary caregiver. He had coffee up with the local old guys religiously every morning but Sunday; it was his outlet and main point of human contact.
The old adage was you need 1500 reps to be unconsciously competent. IMHO you need less if you remember MSGT Deans statement: Practice does not make perfect, perfect practice makes perfect. Sloppy practice makes sloppy shooting.
ReplyDeleteI agree with trying to stay with the same operating system when possible. What if you are not home? DTI classes usually had a battlefield pick up portion. You ran everyone else's weapon systems. AK's, FN/FAL, Mini 14, M1 carbines as well as the AR clones. Same with pistols. I found it extremely valuable.
The cost of factory ammunition is becoming nearly impossible to afford. I went to our local Academy sporting good store and found .308 Winchester / .30.06 / .270 for nearly $40 a box of 20 rounds (thats $2 per shot !). .22 rimfire for $7 a box of 50, rimfire magnum nearly double that. If you haven't begun stocking up by now, you will have your work cut out for you.
ReplyDeleteOne of the major selling points of .223 Rem/5.56mm NATO is cost.
DeleteWhile it doesn't expand, the M855 projectile does tumble well.
Good prices here: https://sgammo.com/catalog/rifle-ammo-sale/223-556mm-ammo/
Have been left with varieties of legacy ammo and reloading stuff without matching arms to use most of it; who/where/how is best place to find appropriate new home for each/all of these?
DeleteRecently bereaved and decluttering
If you live in Michigan, John Peck Auction (https://johnpeckauctions.com) is a great option.
DeleteIf you belong to any on-line forums (like 24hourcampfire), there are countless members who will be happy to suggest an auction house in your state that will be similar.
Practice is the key! And a 22/45 is a good substitute for a 1911, but you still NEED to take the 1911 to the range on occasion!!
ReplyDeleteWhile indeed it is difficult to have too much ammo...or anything else...when the balloon goes up reality gets a vote. That reality is when the SHTF and there are no cops coming to the rescue odds are you will succumb to attackers before you use even a thousand rounds of ammo. Especially if you are alone or in a very small group.
ReplyDelete>i>"I would love to hear your thoughts on how the transition from AD to marksmanship-based tactics might play-out."
ReplyDeleteBasic AD works when you've got LOTS of ammo and a means of dispensing it in wholesale lots. Herbert McBride's books ("A Rifleman Goes to War," and "The Emma Gees" are interesting; in command of a WWI machine gun platoon, his troops used them from 400-600 yards back at high angle to drop "clouds" of rounds on the enemy.)
Joe and Jane Citizen can't do that, so onsey-twosey is the order of the day; as Dan (above) points out, you really, really, need a "tribe" that has several different tools and expertise with them.
Generic AR-15s are 300 yard rifles; move to an 18" barrel, std profile ("pencil" barrels heat too quickly and change zero, barrels are easily swappable, and a few makers offer 18 inchers with 5R rifling), MK262 ammunition, good glass and it becomes a *reliably" 400 meter rifle, and if the operator works at it, 600M on a good day. You can do 20" but it becomes unwieldy and defeats the "flexibility purpose" of the AR platform.
But...serious work beyond 400M and out to 1.2K M really needs a good bolt rifle in the 6 - 6.5MM or .308 (VLD or ELD projectiles) and a team working it - shooter and spotter, and two separated spotters is better. Multiple 2 person teams separated by a reasonable distance and with comms between them can do a fair to good job at AD; positioned correctly (depends on terrain and terrain features) they'll see different opportunities and have different angles on the same opportunity - not being visual from Team 1 but being visual to Team 2 means the teams have different - and overlapping - opportunities. Movement is critical - stay in one place too long and you're toast - so a movement plan is important, and having a small squad (think "Marine fire team") to protect both your position and your movement becomes important.
AD means, simply, "making it too expensive to stay here" and there are several ways of accomplishing that. Everyone thinks "cost them people" and while that's important, "compromising resources" also has value - food, water, vehicles, rescue/medical resources, etc. and can be accomplished from distance AND by altering terrain (fords, bridges, dropping trees across roads, burning brush to improve overwatch visibility, etc., etc.) .
The key is "what's the mission?" - cost them people, or make them (or make it more attractive) to go someplace else. Making their movement more difficult can accomplish that, but "obstacles without enforcement overwatch" do not stay obstacles for long.
Another thing: drones. A cheap drone, or multiples, can be very useful in "observation tasks." Sometimes, it's useful to not have someone know they're being observed, sometimes it's useful for them to know it; if other legs of the AD process are effective, a drone-flyover - especially, fly over, return and fly over from the other direction, then leave - lets an individual, or group, know that they've been observed and "observation is a bad thing because of what follows it."
ReplyDeleteBut, drones are cheap, everyone can have one, and IR can be as valuable, or more so, than optical. Tied to "terrain knowledge" they can be effective; as part of the AD process, they can be very effective, but remember the rules regarding a "two-way range" - stuff can go in either direction, anytime.
If The Other Guys have drones and the ability to deliver results in a non-direct manner (mortars, or the drone equivalent) then they're the ones practicing AD on you.
A lot of AD comes down to intimate terrain knowledge which, usually, means you're there first, or at least you have the means to be better schooled in terrain and related features ("related features" may include some of the people living there who appear to be merely "background noise" but who can be exploited for reliable information, and that includes the behavior of livestock and "resident fauna").