Wednesday, May 1, 2024

Overflowing Outhouses (Cumberland Saga)



“You need to do something about the outhouses” Heddy told her husband Samson. “They are over-flowing.”

Samson recognized from the tone that pointing out that the outhouses would stop flooding when the rain stopped was NOT going to go over well. He imagined that Jesus himself was familiar with that tone if the Wedding at Cana story in the Bible had gone the way he pictured in his head.

Sighing, he said “Yeah, I need to walk around anyway. I might as well scope out the problems now.”

Heddy, “Jadwiga Sophia” in the family Bible, had engaged on a commando-strike shopping mission in the run-up to evacuating the home they were renting outside of Gastonia. Cloth diapers, plastic pants, safety pins, loose-fitting dresses and shoes in ascending sizes. Kitchen cutlery, twenty-pound bags of pinto-beans, spices….

Her purchases were informed by the memories of her childhood. For instance, she purchased children’s clothing in bright colors, the better to find them should they wander off chasing butterflies. The Cove was a very big place when you are a panicking parent looking for a wayward child.

What had been mercifully erased from her memories was the deplorable state of sanitation in Copperhead Cove. They had not progressed much beyond buckets, barrels and holes-in-the-ground. In their defense, there was very little that could be done with low-tech solutions and the thin layer of clay that overlaid the impermeable bedrock. It was the equivalent of a bird "white-washing" a fat-man's, sweaty, bald head on a very hot day.

All of which Samson confirmed in his walk-about in the rain. Having worked excavating and construction in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, he had picked up the ability to discern what was beneath ground.

But what he needed now was an expert. Maybe not in geology but in some quick bandages that could be slapped over the problem until better solutions could be found. Remembering a snippet of conversation he overheard, he decided this might be a good time to get to know Amira.

Going over to their new home, he knocked on the door and asked the young man who answered the door, “Is your mother home? If she is, I wonder if I can have some conversation with her.”

The young man did not answer but closed the door without saying a word. A surprised Samson waited a half minute, unsure of what to do. Finally Amira came to the door. Pointing at the wicker chairs beneath the awning, she indicated that he should sit.

Frankly, she was glad for the interruption. Being penned up in the house with Walter and the two boys was trying, especially since she was a “busy” by nature and enforced inactivity irked her. 

"Nice chairs" Samson said.

"We found them in a back room" Amira said. "The woman who lived here must not have entertained much."

“What do you want to talk about?” Amira got to the point.

“It seems like I heard somebody say that you used to work in a medical lab. I was wondering it that is true” Samson asked.

“Yes, I did. Our lab performed standard blood-work and other tests” Amira responded “Why do you ask?”

“My wife asked me to do something about the sanitation issues here. Specifically the outhouses. I need somebody to bounce ideas off of. I am hoping that might be you” Samson said.

Amira rolled her eyes at the mention of the outhouses. “We had outhouses in Bosnia but they were flower gardens compared to the ones here” Amira acknowledged.

“I am all about bang-for-the-buck” Samson started out. “It is not like we have a lot of money and at this point all of the labor is being used elsewhere.”

“So what I want to know is what can we do that is fast-and-easy while we figure out the long-hard-and-slow?” Samson concluded.

“You mean to make them smell better or to stop disease?” Amira asked for clarification.

“Mostly stopping the spread of disease. If more people show up, and I believe in my heart that will happen, they will add to the crowding and the overloaded system. Something is going to break” Samson said.

“Germs mostly spread from surface-to-surface” Amira started out. “In Bosnia we had wooden shoes we wore to the outhouse. We took them off and left them on pegs next to the porch so we didn’t track the filth into the house. That would be the first, and simplest thing to change.”

“It does no good to wash hands inside a bathroom if you have to touch the door handle with your hands to leave” Amira continued. "It just takes one person who does not wash their hands to contaminate the next ten people leaving the bathroom."

“Can the doors be changed so they are like the ones you see by the kitchen of a restaurant...they swing both ways and have no latch? Servers can push them open them with their elbows or bump them open with their butt. They don’t need to use their hands” Amira asked.

It took Samson a couple of seconds to visualize the kind of door she was describing...”Like the swinging doors of a Western saloon?” he suggested.

“Maybe, but weather-tight, for the winter” she said.

Samson nodded. It would be nearly impossible to seal the doors but the gaps could be small.

“Anything else?” Samson asked.

“A wash basin outside the lavatory” Amira added. “It has to be outside because sun sanitizes and because everybody will see who doesn’t wash their hands and it can be addressed.”

“It will freeze in the winter” Samson noted.

“And it will be fine in the spring, summer and fall. So you get ¾ of an answer” Amira dismissed his objection.

“How does the person refill the basin? Would there be a jug of water next to it? Isn’t that just another way to pass germs around?” Samson asked, trying to visualize how the wash station would be used.

“Moving water is a very old problem” Amira said. “Everybody had a different way of solving it but the Romans probably had the best answers. Their aqueducts are still being used today.”

The picture of water being delivered overhead popped into Samson’s head. Maybe put the jug over the basin and have a valve that could be stepped on to open it….

He was definitely going to have to make a trip into Athens to the big-box store and the Goodwill. While he could fabricate hinges and manufacture wooden clogs, factory-made solutions were readily available for both countermeasures and his wife implied a-need-for-speed.

While he was at the big-box store, he would look over the plumbing supplies and pray for inspiration.

Looking out at the rain which showed no signs of slowing down, Samson asked "I don't suppose you have any board-games? We have some jigsaw puzzles we could trade."

Grinning wryly, "Two-year-olds and jigsaw puzzles don't go together well."

20 comments:

  1. An often-ignored issue for "Preppers".

    Field Sanitation. Or how not to have your entire group sick as a dog, maybe dead.

    Hoping someone with a working cell phone can buy or download a copy of Humanure. Wood chips, buckets, a bit of the Mexican "Manual Labor" and a secure place to keep critters (including your dogs) out of the Human manure compost piles.

    Unlike Asian Night Soil, properly processed human manure is safe and great fertilizer for the fruit trees and such. Not lettuce.

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    1. I second the recommendation of the Humanure Handbook.

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  2. I've read several times that sanitation errors killed many soldiers during the war. It is not a bad topic to visit - a lot of us were not brought up in poverty and had to make this work long term.

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  3. I’m enjoying the developments with Amira-
    Typos-
    “..evacuating from the home they were renting…” (from) not needed.
    “It does no go(od) to wash hands…”
    It took Samson (a moment?)to visualize the kind of door she was describing...
    “ for both(,) and his wife implied…”

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  4. Composting toilet. Build it high, so the "compost bin" is above ground. They have a sawmill, so they have sawdust, and wood ashes, to use instead of lime to keep the odors down.

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  5. Samson is on the right track. The number one source of contamination in my industry is people - not just what they may have, but how the spread it by simple contact.

    Building on yesterday's comment, a review of how other cultures have successfully dealt with this would be beneficial. Having seen at least two sets of Roman Latrines, it was an issue that was dealt with.

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    1. Water is a universal need. So is sanitation, if not quite as obvious. Off-the-shelf solutions exist. Some of them will be good fits. Others will be pushing-a-rope.

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  6. These questions have come to mind over the course of this story. It’s a tough subject to handle, but some effort must to made to try to contain or stop some of the germs. I assume someone in the Cove makes soap.
    I’ve read that alcohol can be extracted easily from some RV water system antifreeze, using a simple distill operation. Around here, the antifreeze was very cheap, and readily available in box stores. Or just buy large amounts of isopropyl, if someone has the cash. Alcohol could help with sanitizing.
    Southern NH

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    1. Disposal of the waste antifreeze would cause another problem, so may not be a viable solution.
      SNH

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    2. RV antifreeze is by its' nature non-poisonous. I wouldn't want to, but you can drink it.

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  7. Many years ago my friend had a small campground that he made outhouses for by building a conventional looking outhouse but it had a two food high door across the back under the seat. In there he put a 1/3rd of a 55 gallon barrel with handles welded on it to pull out with his tractor when it was time to dump in an appropriate place. The center 1/3rd of the barrel he used for raised beds to plant flowers. Worked well. ---ken

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  8. Field Sanitation should be right up there with beans and bullets. In the pre-antibiotic days, Civil War and World War I, and even the entrance in World War II death due to illness, was far greater than death due to wounds. Particularly when access to antibiotics which are now commonly prescribed may rapidly become out of reach in such a situation as your team is now facing. Even if some antibiotics are brought along by people migrating to the camp, they run out amazingly quickly. It’s always great to have a copy of TC-04.2 which is currently available online and download it. Sections one – one and 1–2 deal exclusively with non-battle, injuries and illnesses and their mitigation. Some things as your characters discussed are amazingly simple to do but very hard to mandate compliance. Thanks for a wonderful tale. I look forward to it every day.
    Mongo (“just pawn in game of life”)

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    1. For those of you with hard drive space to spare (and a high duty cycle laser printer), you can access TC 4-02 and most every other US Army manual at https://armypubs.army.mil/default.aspx.

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  9. For field sanitation, I saved a couple of 100 oz. detergent jugs, the kind with the taps in the front. Jug #1 contains water soapy enough to create a light lather, Jug #2 contains clean water to rinse with. They are unitized with duck tape. It’s an easy solution for groups (a Scout troop for instance) who line up for chow service, and easy to verify that everyone has washed hands thoroughly. It’s also an effectively free solution.

    Regarding outhouses, it’s important they be a good distance from food prep/food service/living areas to keep flies from transmitting germs from the one to the other. It’s a good idea to spread fly bait (e.g. Malrin) around outhouses, stables, and waste receptacles to further suppress fly-borne nasties.

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  10. Enjoying your writing on many levels.

    You could consider vermiculture as well. Look up Solviva by Anna Edey for another way to cope. Her methods have been adopted by others and made to work in circumstances similar to this.

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  11. Water catchment off the roofs of buildings could help supply enough water, or supplement the water supply for washing. We use it to water the gardens, and to rinse off dirt and crud.
    Southern NH

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  12. ERJ, how are you familiar with the rather interesting geology of my part of North Carolina? Just curious...

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    1. While researching the knob of the Cumberland Plateau that was the inspiration for Copperhead Cove, I learned that it was covered (mostly) with Lonewood loam. Digging a little bit deeper, I found this page https://casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu/sde/?series=Lonewood#osd

      If you look at the tabs near the top of the page (easy to miss) and click on each one you will see a huge amount of information. Lonewood Loam is typical of the very leached, shallow soils of modest fertility in Appalachia. Slope means that the soil runs off. The upland's loss is the valley's gain.

      It grows awesome pine, tulip-tree (lumber marketed as White Poplar), sycamore and on dry-upland sites, Oak.

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  13. 55 gallon barrel on stilts, open topped, covered with a screen to keep 'junk' out of it. Plumbed to a basin.

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